IRIG: Type 2 diabetes at 11.3% in US adults now

            In today’s news at CDC website, new epidemiology data is released for type 2 diabetes in US. It states that “Diabetes affects 8.3 percent of Americans of all ages, and 11.3 percent of adults aged 20 and older, according to the National Diabetes Fact Sheet for 2011. About 27 percent of those with diabetes—7 million Americans—do not know they have the disease. Prediabetes affects 35 percent of adults aged 20 and older.”
Please find detail at CDC website at this link: http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2011/p0126_diabetes.html
By Jim
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Jianping Ye, M.D.
Professor of Molecular Biology
Antioxidant and Gene Regulation Lab
PBRC/LSU
E-mail: yej@pbrc.edu
Phone: (225) 763-3163
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IRIG: Inflammation in Obesity: what is new?

Obesity-associated inflammation remains a hot area in the basic research of obesity and diabetes. There are several excellent review articles and original studies recently published in the high profile journals on this topic (listed below).  These papers consistently supports that inflammation involves in pathogenesis of insulin resistance in obesity. In obesity, inflammation and lipid disorder are associated together. Which one is more important? Their contribution to insulin resistance is hard to be separated. This issue is addressed independently by works from Shoelson’s lab and my lab using two different mouse models. In Shoelson’s work,  inhibition of inflammation does not improve insulin sensitivity in the absence of improvement in lipid metabolism, which is done in lipodystrophy mice. In our work, Inflammation does not cause insulin resistance in the absence of lipid accumulation in NF-kB Tg mice. The results consistently suggest that inflammation is dependent on lipotoxicity in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Please read attached PDF files of the two papers for detail. 

Paper from Steven Shoelson
Paper from Jianping Ye
 
1.               Olefsky JM, and Glass CK. Macrophages, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Annu Rev Physiol 72: 219-246, 2010.
2.               Oh da Y, Talukdar S, Bae EJ, Imamura T, Morinaga H, Fan W, Li P, Lu WJ, Watkins SM, and Olefsky JM. GPR120 Is an Omega-3 Fatty Acid Receptor Mediating Potent Anti-inflammatory and Insulin-Sensitizing Effects. Cell 142: 687-698, 2010.
3.               Nakamura T, Furuhashi M, Li P, Cao H, Tuncman G, Sonenberg N, Gorgun CZ, and Hotamisligil GS. Double-Stranded RNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Links Pathogen Sensing with Stress and Metabolic Homeostasis. Cell 140: 338-348, 2010.
4.               Park EJ, Lee JH, Yu G-Y, He G, Ali SR, Holzer RG, Österreicher CH, Takahashi H, and Karin M. Dietary and Genetic Obesity Promote Liver Inflammation and Tumorigenesis by Enhancing IL-6 and TNF Expression. Cell 140: 197-208, 2010.
5.               Vandanmagsar B, Youm YH, Ravussin A, Galgani JE, Stadler K, Mynatt RL, Ravussin E, Stephens JM, and Dixit VD. The NLRP3 inflammasome instigates obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance. Nat Med 2011.
6.               Baker RG, Hayden MS, and Ghosh S. NF-kappaB, Inflammation, and Metabolic Disease. Cell Metab 13: 11-22, 2011.
 
Have a nice weekend,
 
Jim
-----------------------------------------
Jianping Ye, M.D.
Professor of Molecular Biology
Antioxidant and Gene Regulation Lab
PBRC/LSU
E-mail:
yej@pbrc.edu
Phone: (225) 763-3163
 
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